Main Article Content
Abstract
Adopsi layanan komputasi awan di ASEAN terus meningkat, diproyeksikan mencapai US$40,32 miliar pada 2025, didorong oleh transformasi digital dan inisiatif smart city. Namun, perbedaan regulasi perlindungan data pribadi di negara-negara ASEAN menghambat aliran data lintas batas yang aman. Yang menjadi permasalahan adalah harmonisasi kerangka hukum perlindungan data dan tantangan dalam implementasi Mutual Legal Assistance (MLA) untuk perlindungan data pribadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis komparatif dan studi literatur terhadap regulasi di negara-negara ASEAN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi dalam pendekatan dan kemajuan regulasi di ASEAN. Beberapa negara, seperti Indonesia dan Singapura, telah memiliki undang-undang komprehensif, sementara lainnya masih dalam tahap pengembangan. Hasil menunjukan bahwa tantangan utama termasuk perbedaan definisi tindak pidana dan prosedur pengumpulan bukti elektronik. Harmonisasi regulasi dan pengembangan protokol khusus untuk MLA sangat diperlukan. Rekomendasi mencakup pengembangan standar regional minimum, penerapan Model Contractual Clauses, pembentukan otoritas regional, dan peningkatan kolaborasi dengan sektor swasta. Implementasi kebijakan ini diharapkan dapat menciptakan rezim perlindungan data yang lebih koheren dan efektif, mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi digital, serta melindungi hak-hak konsumen di ASEAN.
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References
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References
A.C., S., J., P., D., T., & M.K., R. (2014). Mutual legal assistance to strengthen Indonesia-ASEAN forest governance. Retrieved 4 July 2024 from Bogor: 10.17528/cifor/005050
Chandran, N. (2023). Southeast Asia moves closer to economic unity with new regional payments system. Retrieved 3 July 2024, from https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/30/asean-moves-closer-to-economic-unity-with-new-regional-payments-system.html?trk=article-ssr-frontend-pulse_little-text-block
Chesterman, S. (2018). Data Protection Law in Singapore: Privacy and Sovereignty in an Interconnected World. (Simon Chesterman,Ed.) (2nd ed.). Singapore: Academy Publishing. Retrieved 1 July 2024 from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=321637.
Casey, B., Farhangi, A., & Vogl, R. (2019). Rethinking Explainable Machines: The GDPR’s Right to Explanation Debate and the Rise of Algorithmic Audits in Enterpris. Berkeley Technology Law Journal Articles, 34(1), 143. Retrieved 1 July 2024 from https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1128983?v=pdf
De B. Katzenbach, N., & Jessup, P. C. (1957). Review of Transnational Law by Philip C. Jessup. The University of Chicago Law Review, 24(2), 413. Retrieved 3 July 2024 from https://doi.org/10.2307/1598310
Khoi, D. T. (2022). Harmonizing Vietnamese Personal Data Protection Law with ASEAN Standards: Lessons Learned from the Singaporean. In Legal Cooperation, Harmonization and Unification: An ASEAN Perspective (pp. 1–18). Melbourne, Surabaya, Hanoi: Melbourne Law School. Retrieved 1 July 2024 from https://law.unimelb.edu.au/centres/alc/news-and-events/legal-cooperation,-harmonization-and-unification-an-asean-perspective-online-conference/papers
Katanchi, E., & Pourghahramani, B. (2021). Cyber Security Challenges in ASEAN Countries. International Studies Journal (ISJ), 18(1), 139–156.
Greenleaf, G. (2021). Global Data Privacy Laws 2021: Despite COVID Delays, 145 Laws Show GDPR Dominance. SSRN Electronic Journal, 21–60. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3836348
Hariansah, S., Suganda, A., Sinaulan, R. L., & Angelina, M. (2023). Personal Data Protection In Asean: Indonesia’s Role In Developing Asean’s Personal Data Protection Legal Framework. Novateur International Seminar Proceedings, 2023(1), 453–465. Retrieved 3 July 2024 from https://novateurpublication.org/index.php/np/article/view/111
Hirdaramani, Y. (2022). Why data localisation may not be a panacea for data privacy woes in ASEAN. Retrieved 1 July 2024, from https://govinsider.asia/intl-en/article/why-data-localisation-may-not-be-a-panacea-for-data-privacy-woes-in-asean
IBM. (2024). IBM X-Force Threat Intelligence Index 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2024 from https://www.ibm.com/reports/threat-intelligence
Lee, J. (2023). ASEAN’s Window of Opportunity for Shaping Global Data Governance. Retrieved 1 July 2024, from https://thediplomat.com/2023/09/aseans-window-of-opportunity-for-shaping-global-data-governance/
Moises, H. (2023). ASEAN Increases Focus on Data Protection & Cybersecurity. Retrieved 4 July 2024, from https://w.media/asean-increases-focus-on-data-protection-cybersecurity/
Nasution, S. H. (2021). Improving Data Governance and Personal Data Protection through ASEAN Digital Masterplan 2025. Retrieved from Jakarta, Indonesia: 10.35497/353777
Natamiharja, R. (2018). A Case Study on Facebook Data Theft in Indonesia. FIAT JUSTISIA:Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 12(3), 206. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v12no3.1312
Okezone. (2020). Indonesia Bakal Jadi Negara ke-5 ASEAN yang Miliki UU Perlindungan Data Pribadi. Retrieved 30 June 2024, from https://techno.okezone.com/read/2020/01/29/207/2159933/indonesia-bakal-jadi-negara-ke-asean-yang-miliki-uu-perlindungan-data-pribadi
PDP Commission. (2021). PDPA Overview. Retrieved 3 July 2024, from https://www.pdpc.gov.sg/overview-of-pdpa/the-legislation/personal-data-protection-act
Rizki, M. J. (2022). Membandingkan Isi UU Pelindungan Data Pribadi di Indonesia dengan Negara Lain. Retrieved 3 July 2024, from https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/membandingkan-isi-uu-pelindungan-data-pribadi-di-indonesia-dengan-negara-lain-lt633b5e0a02300/
Safitri, M. Y., & Mahfud, M. (2023). The ASEAN Cross-Border Personal Data Transfer Instrument: Has Indonesian’s Personal Data Protection Law Followed it? Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayan, 12(3), 553–564. Retrieved 1 July 2024 from https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jmhu/article/view/100243
Shaffer, G., & Coye, C. (2017). From International Law to Jessup’s Transnational Law, from Transnational Law to Transnational Legal Orders. UC Irvine School of Law Research Paper, 2017(2), 1–20. Retrieved 3 July 2024 from https://scholarship.law.uci.edu/faculty_scholarship/626/
Siaran Pers NO. 467/HM/KOMINFO/10/2022. (2022). Dorong Adopsi Komputasi Awan, Menkominfo: Pemerintah Tempuh Tiga Langkah. Retrieved 30 June 2024, from https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/44942/siaran-pers-no-467hmkominfo102022-tentang-dorong-adopsi-komputasi-awan-menkominfo-pemerintah-tempuh-tiga-langkah/0/siaran_pers
Sudarwanto, A. S., & Kharisma, D. B. B. (2022). Comparative study of personal data protection regulations in Indonesia, Hong Kong and Malaysia. Journal of Financial Crime, 29(4), 1443–1457. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-09-2021-0193
Suwanti. (2020). ASEAN didorong untuk miliki regulasi perlindungan data lintas batas. Retrieved 1 July 2024, from https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1655670/asean-didorong-untuk-miliki-regulasi-perlindungan-data-lintas-batas
Syafrinaldi, S., Prayuda, R., & Harto, S. (2023). Toward Effective Of Asean Mutual Legal Assistance In Combating Non Traditional Security Threat In Southeast Asia Region. AUSTRAL: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations, 11(22). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.22456/2238-6912.119595
US International Trade Administration. (2022). THAILAND PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT. Retrieved 3 July 2024, from https://www.trade.gov/market-intelligence/thailand-personal-data-protection-act
Zakaria, I. (2023). Layanan Komputasi Awan Semakin Penting bagi Asia Tenggara. Retrieved 30 June 2024, from https://www.kompas.id/baca/nusantara/2023/05/04/layanan-komputasi-awan-semakin-penting-bagi-asia-tenggara
Zatnika, I. (2023). Ekonomi Penggunaan Komputasi Awan di Indonesia Paling Moncer di Asia Tenggara, Kini Diramaikan Produk Private Cloud. Retrieved 30 June 2024, from https://mediaindonesia.com/ekonomi/592703/penggunaan-komputasi-awan-di-indonesia-paling-moncer-di-asia-tenggara-kini-diramaikan-produk-private-cloud