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January 30, 2024
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January 11, 2026
Published
May 30, 2024
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Abstract

The resolution of medical disputes in Indonesia has predominantly relied on litigation based mechanisms, with a strong tendency toward the criminal prosecution of healthcare professionals. This approach has intensified the criminalization of medical practice and produced broader systemic consequences, including institutional inefficiency, procedural rigidity. This study examines the urgency and normative feasibility of integrating restorative justice as an alternative framework for resolving medical disputes in Indonesia. Employing a normative doctrinal research approach, the study analyzes statutory regulations, judicial decisions, and policy discourses relevant to medical dispute resolution and criminal justice. The analysis focuses on assessing the compatibility of restorative justice principles with Indonesia’s legal structure and healthcare governance, situating these principles within the country’s philosophical, cultural, and religious value systems. The findings indicate that the prevailing retributive model generates significant systemic pressures, particularly the persistent overcapacity of correctional institutions and the worsening national shortage of medical personnel. The fear of criminal liability discourages healthcare professionals from exercising professional judgment, ultimately undermining the quality and accessibility of healthcare services. From a normative perspective, restorative justice aligns with the foundational values of Pancasila especially social justice and deliberative consensus as well as with Islamic legal principles such as islah, which prioritize reconciliation and social harmony.

Keywords

Restorative Justice Medical Dispute Resolution Indonesian Health System Legal and Structural Reform

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How to Cite
Mashendra. (2024). Mainstreaming Restorative Justice in Medical Dispute Resolution: Legal and Structural Urgency in the Indonesian Health System. Sang Pencerah: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton, 10(2), 605–619. https://doi.org/10.35326/pencerah.v10i2.5065
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